theta.prob(untb)
theta.prob()所属R语言包:untb
Posterior probabilities for theta
后验概率论旨
译者:生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
Determines the posterior probability and likelihood for theta, given a count object
确定的后验概率和可能性,计数对象为THETA
用法----------Usage----------
theta.prob(theta, x=NULL, give.log=TRUE)
theta.likelihood(theta, x=NULL, S=NULL, J=NULL, give.log=TRUE)
参数----------Arguments----------
参数:theta
biodiversity parameter
生物多样性参数
参数:x
object of class count or census
对象的类别数或普查
参数:give.log
Boolean, with FALSE meaning to return the value, and default TRUE meaning to return the (natural) logarithm of the value
布尔值,FALSE这意味着返回值,默认TRUE的这意味着返回值(自然)对数
参数:S, J
In function theta.likelihood(), the number of individuals (J) and number of species (S) in the ecosystem, if x is not supplied. These arguments are provided so that x need not be specified if S and J are known.
在功能theta.likelihood(),个人(J)和种数(S)在生态系统中,如果x是不提供的。这些参数,使x如果S和J被称为不指定。
Details
详细信息----------Details----------
The formula was originally given by Ewens (1972) and is shown on page 122 of Hubbell (2001):
该公式最初是由Ewens(1972年)和哈贝尔(2001年)第122页所示:
The likelihood is thus given by
的可能性,从而给
Etienne observes that the denominator is equivalent to a Pochhammer symbol (theta)_J, so is thus readily evaluated as Gamma(theta+J)/Gamma(theta) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1965, equation 6.1.22).
艾蒂安指出,分母是相当于一个Pochhammer符号(theta)_J,因此容易评为Gamma(theta+J)/Gamma(theta)(1965年,阿布拉莫维茨和Stegun的方程6.1.22)。
注意----------Note----------
If estimating theta, use theta.likelihood() rather than theta.probability() because the former function generally executes <STRONG>much</STRONG> faster: the latter calculates a factor that is independent of theta.
如果估计theta,使用theta.likelihood()而不是theta.probability()因为前者的功能一般执行<STRONG>的多</ STRONG>快:后者计算是独立的theta的因素, 。
The likelihood function L(theta) is any function of theta proportional, for fixed observation z, to the probability density f(z,theta). There is thus a slight notational inaccuracy in speaking of “the” likelihood function which is defined only up to a multiplicative constant. Note also that the “support” function is usually defined as a likelihood function with maximum value 1 (at the maximum likelihood estimator for theta). This is not easy to determine analytically for J>5.
的似然函数L(theta)是theta成正比的任何函数,用于固定观察z,概率密度f(z,theta)。因此,有轻微的符号不准确之说“的”似然函数只定义了一个乘法常数。还要注意的是“支持”功能通常被定义为一个似然函数最大值1(theta)的最大似然估计。这是不容易的确定分析的J>5。
Note that S is a sufficient statistic for theta.
需要注意的是S是一个充分统计量为theta。
Function theta.prob() does <STRONG>not</STRONG> give a PDF for theta (so, for example, integrating over the real line does not give unity). The PDF is over partitions of J; an example is given below.
功能theta.prob()<STRONG> </ STRONG>给一个PDFtheta(所以,例如,集成在实线不给统一)。 PDF超过J下面给出一个例子分区。
Function theta.prob() requires a count object (as opposed to theta.likelihood(), for which J and S are sufficient) because it needs to call phi().
函数theta.prob()需要计数的对象(而不是theta.likelihood(),J和S是足够了),因为它需要调用“phi()。
(作者)----------Author(s)----------
Robin K. S. Hankin
参考文献----------References----------
“The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity”, Princeton University Press.
neutral alleles”, Theoretical Population Biology, 3:87–112
Handbook of Mathematical Functions, New York: Dover
参见----------See Also----------
phi, optimal.prob
phi,optimal.prob
实例----------Examples----------
theta.prob(1,rand.neutral(15,theta=2))
gg <- as.count(c(rep("a",10),rep("b",3),letters[5:9]))
theta.likelihood(theta=2,gg)
optimize(f=theta.likelihood,interval=c(0,100),maximum=TRUE,x=gg)
## An example showing that theta.prob() is a PDF:[#一个例子表明,theta.prob()是一个PDF:]
a <- count(c(dogs=3,pigs=3,hogs=2,crabs=1,bugs=1,bats=1))
x <- parts(no.of.ind(a))
f <- function(x){theta.prob(theta=1.123,extant(count(x)),give.log=FALSE)}
sum(apply(x,2,f)) ## should be one exactly.[#应该是一个准确。]
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注:
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