read.xport(SASxport)
read.xport()所属R语言包：SASxport
Import a SAS XPORT File
导入SAS XPORT文件“
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
Read a SAS XPORT format file and return the contained dataset(s).
SAS的XPORT格式文件阅读，并返回所包含的数据集（S）。
用法----------Usage----------
read.xport(file,
force.integer=TRUE,
formats=NULL,
name.chars=NULL,
names.tolower=FALSE,
keep=NULL,
drop=NULL,
as.is=0.95,
verbose=FALSE,
as.list=FALSE,
include.formats=FALSE
)
参数----------Arguments----------
参数：file
Character string specifying the name or URL of a SAS XPORT file.
SAS XPORT文件名或URL指定的字符串。
参数：force.integer
Logical flag indicating whether integer-valued variables should be returned as integers (TRUE) or doubles (FALSE). Variables outside the supported integer range (.Machine$integer.max) will always be converted to doubles.
逻辑标志，指示是否应返回整数值的变量的整数（TRUE）或双（FALSE）。支持的整数范围外的变量（.Machine$integer.max）总是会被转换成双打。
参数：formats
a data frame or list (like that created by foreign:::read.xport) containing PROC FORMAT output, if such output is not stored in the main transport file.
数据框或含有foreign:::read.xport输出这样的输出，如果没有被存储在主传送文件的列表（这样创建的PROC FORMAT）。
参数：name.chars
Vector of additional characters permissible in variable names. By default, only the alpha and numeric characters ([A-Za-z0-9]) and periods ('.') are permitted. All other characters are converted into periods ('.').
矢量额外的字符，允许在变量名。默认情况下，只有字母和数字字符（A-ZA-Z0-9]）和句号（“。”）是允许的。所有其他字符被转换为句点（。）。
参数：names.tolower
Logical indicating whether variable and dataset names should be converted to lowercase (TRUE) or left uppercase (FALSE)
逻辑变量和数据集的名称是否应该被转换为小写（TRUE）或左大写字母（FALSE）
参数：keep
a vector of names of SAS datasets to process. This list must include PROC FORMAT dataset if it is present for datasets to use use any of its value label formats.
一个向量的SAS要处理的数据集的名称。这份列表必须包括PROC FORMAT如果它是目前使用的数据集，使用它的价值标签格式的数据集。
参数：drop
a vector of names of SAS datasets to ignore (original SAS upper case names)
一个向量的SAS数据集的名称忽略（原SAS大写的名称）
参数：as.is
Either a logical flag indicating whether SAS character variables should be preserved as character objects (TRUE) or factor objects (FALSE), or a fractional cutoff between 0 and 1.
是逻辑标志指示是否应被保留作为SAS字符变量角色对象（TRUE）或因子对象（FALSE），或一个小数截止频率在0和1之间。
When a fractional cutoff is provided, character variables containing a more than this fraction of unique values will be stored as a character variables. This is done in order to preserve space, since factors must store both the integer factor codes and the character factor labels.
当一个小数截止时，字符变量包含了超过这个分数的唯一值将被存储为一个字符变量。这样做是为了保留空间，由于因素必须同时存储整数因子码和字符因子标签。
参数：verbose
Logical indicating whether progress should be printed during the data loading and conversion process.
逻辑的进展是否应印在数据加载和转换过程。
参数：as.list
Logical indicating whether to return a list even if the SAS xport file contains only only one dataset.
逻辑表示是否返回一个列表，即使SAS的XPORT文件包含只有一个数据集。
参数：include.formats
Logical indicating whether to include SAS format information (if present) in the returned list
逻辑表明，在返回的列表中是否包括SAS格式的信息（如果有的话），
Details
详细信息----------Details----------
SAS date, time, and date/time variables are converted respectively to Date, POSIX, or chron objects
SAS日期，时间，日期/时间变量转换为Date，POSIX，或chron对象
SAS labels are stored in "label" attributes on each variable
每个变量都存储在“标签”属性SAS标签
SAS formats are stored in "format" attributes on each variable
SAS格式被存储在“格式”属性的每个变量的
SAS integer variables are stored as integers unless force.integer is FALSE </ul>
SAS整数变量存储为整数，除非force.integer是FALSE</ ul>
If the file includes the output of PROC FORMAT CNTLOUT=, variables having customized label formats will be converted to factor objects with appropriate labels.
如果文件中包含的输出作为PROC FORMAT CNTLOUT=，自定义标签格式的变量将被转换为factor对象有适当的标签。
值----------Value----------
If only a single dataset is present (after removing PROC FORMAT data when include.formats=FALSE), the return value is a single dataframe object. Otherwise the return is a list of dataframe objects.
如果只有一个数据集（取出后，PROC FORMAT数据时include.formats=FALSE），返回值是一个单一的数据框对象。否则，返回的是一个列表的数据框对象。
Note that if include.formats=TRUE, the returned list will contain a dataframe named "FORMATS" containing any available 'PROC FORMAT' information.
需要注意的是，如果include.formats=TRUE，返回的列表将包含一个数据框名为“格式”包含任何可用PROC FORMAT“信息。
注意----------Note----------
This code provides a subset of the functionality of the sasxport.get function in the Hmisc library.
此代码提供sasxport.get函数在Hmisc库的功能的一个子集。
（作者）----------Author(s)----------
Gregory R. Warnes <a href="mailto:greg@warnes.net">greg@warnes.net</a>
based on <code>Hmisc:::sasxport.get</code> by Frank E. Harrell, Jr.
参见----------See Also----------
read.xport, label, sas.get, sasxport.get, Dates, DateTimeClasses, chron, lookup.xport, contents, describe
read.xport，label，sas.get，sasxport.get，Dates，DateTimeClasses，chron，lookup.xport，contents，describe
实例----------Examples----------
# -------[-------]
# SAS code to generate test dataset:[SAS代码来生成测试数据集：]
# -------[-------]
# libname y SASV5XPT "test2.xpt";[LIBNAMEŸSASV5XPT“test2.xpt”;]
#[]
# PROC FORMAT; VALUE race 1=green 2=blue 3=purple; RUN;[PROC FORMAT值第1场=绿色=蓝色=紫色; RUN;]
# PROC FORMAT CNTLOUT=format;RUN; * Name, e.g. 'format', unimportant;[PROC的格式CNTLOUT =格式; RUN; *名称，例如“格式”的，不重要的;]
# data test;[数据测试;]
# LENGTH race 3 age 4;[长3场4岁;]
# age=30; label age="Age at Beginning of Study";[年龄= 30;标签年龄=年龄“研究开始”;]
# race=2;[种族= 2;]
# d1='3mar2002'd ;[D1 = 3 mar2002d;]
# dt1='3mar2002 9:31:02'dt;[DT1 = 3 mar2002九时31分○二秒的DT;]
# t1='11:13:45't;[T1 = 11：13时45分“;]
# output;[输出;]
#[]
# age=31;[年龄= 31;]
# race=4;[种族= 4;]
# d1='3jun2002'd ;[D1 = 3 jun2002d;]
# dt1='3jun2002 9:42:07'dt;[DT1 = 3 jun2002 9时42分07秒的DT;]
# t1='11:14:13't;[T1 = 11：14:13T;]
# output;[输出;]
# format d1 mmddyy10. dt1 datetime. t1 time. race race.;[格式D1 mmddyy10。 DT1日期时间。 t1时刻。比赛的比赛。]
# run;[运行;]
# data z; LENGTH x3 3 x4 4 x5 5 x6 6 x7 7 x8 8;[数据Z，长度X3 3 X4 4 X5 5 X6 6 X7 7 X8 8;]
# DO i=1 TO 100;[DO I = 1 100;]
# x3=ranuni(3);[×3：= ranuni（3）;]
# x4=ranuni(5);[x4的：= ranuni（5）;]
# x5=ranuni(7);[X5的：= ranuni（7）;]
# x6=ranuni(9);[5233 = ranuni（9）;]
# x7=ranuni(11);[×7：= ranuni（11）;]
# x8=ranuni(13);[X8：= ranuni（13）;]
# output;[输出;]
# END;[END;]
# DROP i;[DROP;]
# RUN;[运行;]
# PROC MEANS; RUN;[PROC手段; RUN;]
# PROC COPY IN=work OUT=y;SELECT test format z;RUN; *Creates test2.xpt;[PROC COPY IN = OUT = Y的工作选择测试格式Z; RUN; *创建test2.xpt的;]
# ------[------]
# Read this dataset from a local file:[从本地文件读取此数据集：]
## Not run: [＃不运行：]
w <- read.xport('test2.xpt')
## End(Not run)[＃（不执行）]
# Or read a copy of test2.xpt available on the web:[或者可以在网络上阅读的副本test2.xpt：]
host <- 'http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu'
path <- '/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/*checkout*/Hmisc/trunk/tests/test2.xpt'
url <- paste(host,path,sep="")
w <- read.xport(url)
# We can also get the dataset wrapped in a list[我们还可以得到包裹在一个列表中的数据集]
w <- read.xport(url, as.list=TRUE)
# And we can ask for the format information to be included as well.[我们可以要求的格式信息被包括在内。]
w <- read.xport(url, as.list=TRUE, include.formats=TRUE)
## Not run: [＃不运行：]
## The Hmisc library provides many useful functions for interacting with[＃的Hmisc的库提供了许多有用的功能与]
## data imported from SAS via read.xport()[＃数据从SAS通过read.xport（进口）]
library(Hmisc)
describe(w$test) # see labels, format names for dataset test[看标签，格式名称为数据集测试]
lapply(w, describe)# see descriptive stats in more detaiil for each variable[每个变量的描述性统计更detaiil]
contents(w$test) # another way to see variable attributes[另一种方式看变量的属性]
lapply(w, contents)# show contents of individual items in more detail[表明个别项目的内容更详细]
options(digits=7) # compare the following matrix with PROC MEANS output[比较下面的矩阵PROC MEANS输出]
t(sapply(w$z, function(x)
c(Mean=mean(x),SD=sqrt(var(x)),Min=min(x),Max=max(x))))
## End(Not run)[＃（不执行）]
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注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
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发表于 2012-9-29 22:21:28
