matrixplot(VIM)
matrixplot()所属R语言包：VIM
Matrix plot
矩阵图
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
Create a matrix plot, in which all cells of a data matrix are visualized by rectangles. Available data is coded according to a continuous color scheme, while missing/imputed data is visualized by a clearly distinguishable color.
创建一个矩阵图，在其中的数据的所有单元格的矩阵是可视化的矩形。根据现有的数据进行编码一个连续的配色方案，而缺少/估算数据显示清晰可辨的颜色。
用法----------Usage----------
matrixplot(x, delimiter = NULL, sortby = NULL, col = c("red","orange"),
gamma = 2.2, fixup = TRUE, xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL, main = NULL,
sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, axes = TRUE, labels = axes,
xpd = NULL, interactive = TRUE, ...)
TKRmatrixplot(x, ..., delimiter = NULL, hscale = NULL, vscale = NULL,
TKRpar = list())
iimagMiss(x, delimiter = NULL, sortby = NULL, col = c("red","orange"),
main = NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, xlim = NULL,
ylim = NULL, axes = TRUE, xaxlabels = NULL, las = 3,
interactive = TRUE, ...)
参数----------Arguments----------
参数：x
a matrix or data.frame.
矩阵或data.frame。
参数：delimiter
a character-vector to distinguish between variables and imputation-indices for imputed variables (therefore, x needs to have colnames). If given, it is used to determine the corresponding imputation-index for any imputed variable (a logical-vector indicating which values of the variable have been imputed). If such imputation-indices are found, they are used for highlighting and the colors are adjusted according to the given colors for imputed variables (see col).
一个特征向量来区分变量和插补指数估算的变量（因此，x需要有colnames）。如果给出，它被用来确定相应的插补索引的任何估算的变量（一个逻辑矢量指示变量的值已被插补）。如果这样的归集指数被发现，它们用于高亮和颜色的调整，根据给定的颜色估算变量（见col“）。
参数：sortby
a numeric or character value specifying the variable to sort the data matrix by, or NULL to plot without sorting.
指定一个数字或字符值的变量数据矩阵进行排序，或NULL绘制不排序。
参数：col
the colors to be used in the plot. RGB colors may be specified as character strings or as objects of class "RGB". HCL colors need to be specified as objects of class "polarLUV". If only one color is supplied, it is used for missing and imputed data and a greyscale is used for available data. If two colors are supplied, the first is used for missing and the second for imputed data and a greyscale for available data. If three colors are supplied, the first is used as end color for the available data, while the start color is taken to be transparent for RGB or white for HCL. Missing/imputed data is visualized by the second/third color in this case. If four colors are supplied, the first is used as start color and the second as end color for the available data, while the third/fourth color is used for missing/imputed data.
在图中使用的颜色。 RGB颜色可能会被指定为字符串或类的对象“RGB”。 HCL颜色需要被指定为对象的类“polarLUV”。如果只有一种颜色被提供时，它被用于丢失和估算的数据和用于提供数据的灰度。提供两种颜色，首先是缺少可用的数据估算数据和灰度第二。如果提供三种颜色，首先是作为高端彩色可用的数据，而开始的颜色是透明的RGB或白色HCL。在这种情况下，第二/第三颜色失踪/估算数据可视化。如果提供四种颜色，首先是作为起始颜色，第二个可用的数据作为最终的颜色，而第三/四色/估算数据丢失。
参数：gamma
numeric; the display gamma value (see hex).
数字显示器的gamma值（见hex“）。
参数：fixup
a logical indicating whether the colors should be corrected to valid RGB values (see hex).
一个逻辑颜色是否应更正为有效的RGB值（见hex“）。
参数：xlim, ylim
axis limits.
轴的限制。
参数：main, sub
main and sub title.
主，子标题。
参数：xlab, ylab
axis labels.
轴标签。
参数：axes
a logical indicating whether axes should be drawn on the plot.
逻辑指示是否应绘制在图上轴。
参数：labels
either a logical indicating whether labels should be plotted below each column, or a character vector giving the labels.
无论是逻辑标签是否应该被绘制下面的每一列，或字符向量的标签。
参数：xpd
a logical indicating whether the rectangles should be allowed to go outside the plot region. If NULL, it defaults to TRUE unless axis limits are specified.
逻辑的矩形是否应该被允许到外面去积区。如果NULL，它默认TRUE除非指定了轴限制。
参数：interactive
a logical indicating whether a variable to be used for sorting can be selected interactively (see "Details").
可以交互选择一个逻辑指示变量是否被用于排序（见“详细信息”）。
参数：xaxlabels
a character vector containing the labels for the columns. If NULL, the column names of x will be used.
字符向量，其中包含列的标签。如果NULL，x的列名将被使用。
参数：las
the style of axis labels (see par).
风格的轴标签（见par“）。
参数：...
for matrixplot and iimagMiss, further graphical parameters to be passed to plot.window, title and axis. For TKRmatrixplot, further arguments to be passed to matrixplot.
matrixplot和iimagMiss，进一步进行图形参数被传递到plot.window，title和axis。对于TKRmatrixplot，进一步的参数被传递给matrixplot。
参数：hscale
horizontal scale factor for plot to be embedded in a Tcl/Tk window (see "Details"). The default value depends on the number of variables.
被嵌入的Tcl / Tk的窗口（见“详细信息”）的地积比例因子水平。默认值取决于变量的数目。
参数：vscale
vertical scale factor for the plot to be embedded in a Tcl/Tk window (see "Details"). The default value depends on the number of observations.
垂直比例因子的图，被嵌入的Tcl / Tk的窗口（见“详细信息”）。默认值取决于若干意见。
参数：TKRpar
a list of graphical parameters to be set for the plot to be embedded in a Tcl/Tk window (see "Details" and par).
图形参数设置的列表的图，被嵌入的Tcl / Tk的窗口（见“详细信息和par”）。
Details
详细信息----------Details----------
In a matrix plot, all cells of a data matrix are visualized by rectangles. Available data is coded according to a continuous color scheme. To compute the colors via interpolation, the variables are first scaled to the interval [0,1]. Missing/imputed values can then be visualized by a clearly distinguishable color. It is thereby possible to use colors in the HCL or RGB color space. A simple way of visualizing the magnitude of the available data is to apply a greyscale, which has the advantage that missing/imputed values can easily be distinguished by using a color such as red/orange. Note that -Inf and Inf are always assigned the begin and end color, respectively, of the continuous color scheme.
在一个矩阵图，由矩形的所有单元格数据矩阵的可视化。可用的数据被编码到一个连续的配色方案。通过插值来计算颜色，变量被第一缩放的间隔[0,1]。遗失/估算值可以是清晰可辨的颜色显示。由此，能够使用在HCL或RGB颜色空间的颜色。可视化的可用的数据的大小的一个简单的方法是适用的灰度，其具有的优点，缺少/插补值可以很容易地加以区分通过使用一种颜色，如红色/橙色。需要注意的是-Inf和Inf总是被分配的开始和结束颜色，分别连续的配色方案。
Additionally, the observations can be sorted by the magnitude of a selected variable. If interactive is TRUE, clicking in a column redraws the plot with observations sorted by the corresponding variable. Clicking anywhere outside the plot region quits the interactive session.
此外，意见，可以按照选定的变量的大小。如果interactive是TRUE，点击一列中重绘的图与相应的变量排序的意见。积区以外的任何地方点击退出交互式会话。
TKRmatrixplot behaves like matrixplot, but uses tkrplot to embed the plot in a Tcl/Tk window. This is useful if the number of observations and/or variables is large, because scrollbars allow to move from one part of the plot to another.
TKRmatrixplot的行为就像matrixplot，但使用tkrplot的Tcl / Tk的窗口嵌入的图。这是非常有用的意见和/或变量的数量非常大，因为滚动条允许的图从一个移动到另一个。
注意----------Note----------
This is a much more powerful extension to the function imagmiss in the former CRAN package dprep.
这是一个更强大的功能扩展imagmiss，在前者“CRAN包dprep。
iimagMiss is deprecated and may be omitted in future versions of VIM. Use matrixplot instead.
iimagMiss已被废弃，可能会在未来版本的VIM省略。使用matrixplot“。
（作者）----------Author(s)----------
Andreas Alfons, Matthias Templ, modifications by Bernd Prantner
参考文献----------References----------
Exploring incomplete data using visualization tools. Journal of Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Online first. DOI: 10.1007/s11634-011-0102-y.
实例----------Examples----------
data(sleep, package = "VIM")
## for missing values[＃遗漏值]
x <- sleep[, -(8:10)]
x[,c(1,2,4,6,7)] <- log10(x[,c(1,2,4,6,7)])
matrixplot(x, sortby = "BrainWgt")
## for imputed values[＃估算值]
x_imp <- kNN(sleep[, -(8:10)])
x_imp[,c(1,2,4,6,7)] <- log10(x_imp[,c(1,2,4,6,7)])
matrixplot(x_imp, delimiter = "_imp", sortby = "BrainWgt")
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
注2：由于是机器人自动翻译，难免有不准确之处，使用时仔细对照中、英文内容进行反复理解，可以帮助R语言的学习。
注3：如遇到不准确之处，请在本贴的后面进行回帖，我们会逐渐进行修订。
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发表于 2012-10-1 16:06:45
