translate(Biostrings)
translate()所属R语言包：Biostrings
DNA/RNA transcription and translation
DNA / RNA的转录和翻译
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
Functions for transcription and/or translation of DNA or RNA sequences, and related utilities.
转录和/或翻译的DNA或RNA序列，及相关设施的功能。
用法----------Usage----------
## Transcription:
transcribe(x)
cDNA(x)
## Translation:
codons(x)
translate(x)
## Related utilities:
dna2rna(x)
rna2dna(x)
参数----------Arguments----------
参数：x
A DNAString object for transcribe and dna2rna. An RNAString object for cDNA and rna2dna. A DNAString, RNAString, MaskedDNAString or MaskedRNAString object for codons. A DNAString, RNAString, DNAStringSet, RNAStringSet, MaskedDNAString or MaskedRNAString object for translate.
一个的transcribe和dna2rnaDNAString对象。的cDNA和rna2dnaRNAString对象。一个DNAString，RNAString，MaskedDNAString，或MaskedRNAStringcodons对象。一个DNAString，RNAString DNAStringSet，RNAStringSet，MaskedDNAString，或MaskedRNAStringtranslate对象。
Details
详情----------Details----------
transcribe reproduces the biological process of DNA transcription that occurs in the cell. It takes the naive approach to treat the whole sequence x as if it was a single exon. See extractTranscripts for a more powerful version that allows the user to extract a set of transcripts specified by the starts and ends of their exons as well as the strand from which the transcript is coming.
transcribe再现生物过程发生在单元DNA的转录。它以幼稚的方法来治疗，如果它是一个单一外显子全序列x。看到extractTranscripts一个更强大的版本，允许用户提取一组的开始和他们的外显子的两端，以及链从谈话中指定的成绩单。
cDNA reproduces the process of synthesizing complementary DNA from a mature mRNA template.
cDNA再现从一个成熟的mRNA模板合成互补DNA的过程。
translate reproduces the biological process of RNA translation that occurs in the cell. The input of the function can be either RNA or coding DNA. The Standard Genetic Code (see ?GENETIC_CODE) is used to translate codons into amino acids. codons is a utility for extracting the codons involved in this translation without translating them.
translate再现生物过程发生在单元的RNA翻译。函数的输入可以是RNA或DNA编码。标准遗传密码（见?GENETIC_CODE）用于转化为氨基酸的密码子。 codons是一个不加翻译地参与这个翻译的密码子提取的工具。
dna2rna and rna2dna are low-level utilities for converting sequences from DNA to RNA and vice-versa. All what this converstion does is to replace each occurrence of T by a U and vice-versa.
dna2rna和rna2dna是低级别的工具，转换序列从DNA到RNA，反之亦然。所有这converstion做什么是一个U反之亦然，以取代每个出现的T。
值----------Value----------
An RNAString object for transcribe and dna2rna.
的transcribe和dna2rnaRNAString对象。
A DNAString object for cDNA and rna2dna.
一个的cDNA和rna2dnaDNAString对象。
Note that if the sequence passed to transcribe or cDNA is considered to be oriented 5'-3', then the returned sequence is oriented 3'-5'.
请注意，如果序列传递给transcribecDNA被认为是面向5-3，然后返回的顺序是面向3-5。“
An XStringViews object with 1 view per codon for codons. When x is a MaskedDNAString or MaskedRNAString object, its masked parts are interpreted as introns and filled with the + letter in the returned object. Therefore codons that span across masked regions are represented by views that have a width > 3 and contain the + letter. Note that each view is guaranteed to contain exactly 3 base letters.
1个密码子的观点为codonsXStringViews对象。当x是MaskedDNAString或MaskedRNAString对象，蒙面的部分被解释为内含子和充满+字母在返回的对象。因此，代表的意见，有宽度> 3，包含+字母的密码子，蒙面区域之间的跨度。需要注意的是每个视图保证完全包含3个基本字母。
An AAString object for translate.
一个的translateAAString对象。
参见----------See Also----------
reverseComplement, GENETIC_CODE, DNAString-class, RNAString-class, AAString-class, XStringSet-class, XStringViews-class, MaskedXString-class
reverseComplement，GENETIC_CODE，级AAString，级RNAString，DNAString-级，级XStringSet，级XStringViews，MaskedXString级
举例----------Examples----------
file <- system.file("extdata", "someORF.fa", package="Biostrings")
x <- read.DNAStringSet(file)
x
## The first and last 1000 nucleotides are not part of the ORFs:[＃第一个和最后一个1000个核苷酸ORFs的一部分：]
x <- DNAStringSet(x, start=1001, end=-1001)
## Before calling translate() on an ORF, we need to mask the introns[＃调用翻译（上ORF）之前，我们需要掩盖的内含子]
## if any. We can get this information fron the SGD database[＃如果有的话。我们可以得到这个信息前缘新元数据库]
## (http://www.yeastgenome.org/).[＃（http://www.yeastgenome.org/~~V）。]
## According to SGD, the 1st ORF (YAL001C) has an intron at 71..160[＃据新元，第一ORF（YAL001C）有一个内含子在71 .. 160]
## (see http://db.yeastgenome.org/cgi-bin/locus.pl?locus=YAL001C)[＃（见http://db.yeastgenome.org/cgi-bin/locus.pl?locus=YAL001C）]
y1 <- x[[1]]
mask1 <- Mask(length(y1), start=71, end=160)
masks(y1) <- mask1
y1
translate(y1)
## Codons[＃密码子]
codons(y1)
which(width(codons(y1)) != 3)
codons(y1)[20:28]
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
注2：由于是机器人自动翻译，难免有不准确之处，使用时仔细对照中、英文内容进行反复理解，可以帮助R语言的学习。
注3：如遇到不准确之处，请在本贴的后面进行回帖，我们会逐渐进行修订。
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发表于 2012-2-25 13:50:15
