NCEP.flight(RNCEP)
NCEP.flight()所属R语言包：RNCEP
Simulate Trajectories
模拟轨迹
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
This function simulates a single trajectory for any time and location by default using wind data returned by NCEP.interp. Various flight behaviors are possible.
此功能模拟风数据返回NCEP.interp默认情况下使用的任何时间和地点由一个单一的轨迹。各种飞行行为是可能的。
用法----------Usage----------
NCEP.flight(beg.loc, end.loc, begin.dt, flow.assist='NCEP.Tailwind',
fa.args=list(airspeed=12), path='loxodrome', calibrate.dir=FALSE,
calibrate.alt=TRUE, cutoff=0, when2stop=list('latitude','longitude',50),
levels2consider=c(850,925), hours=12, evaluation.interval=60, id=1,
land.if.bad=FALSE, reanalysis2 = FALSE, query=TRUE)
参数----------Arguments----------
参数：beg.loc
A numeric vector of length two giving the starting location in decimal degrees i.e. c(latitude, longitude)
一个数值向量长度为二的起始位置，以十进制度即c（纬度，经度）
参数：end.loc
A numeric vector of length two giving the end location (i.e. goal location) in decimal degrees i.e. c(latitude, longitude)
给一个数值向量长度为二）以十进制度即c的结束位置（即目标位置（经度，纬度）
参数：begin.dt
A character string in the format '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' indicating the day and time at which to initiate take-off.
一个字符串格式“％Y-％M-％d的％H：％M：％S表示在开始起飞的日期和时间。
参数：flow.assist
A character string giving the name of the flow-assistance function to apply, which also specifies the behavior of the animal in relation to the flow conditions. See Details below.
甲给流协助功能适用，还指定的行为有关的流动条件的动物的名称的字符串。请参见下面的详细信息。
参数：fa.args
A list of arguments passed to the flow-assistance function. See Details below.
的参数列表，通过的流量辅助功能。请参见下面的详细信息。
参数：path
Either a numeric value indicating the preferred direction of movement in degrees from North, or one of 'loxodrome' or 'great.circle' describing the method of calculating the preferred direction.
可以为一个数字值，该值表明从北度运动的优选方向，或恒向线或great.circle描述的方法计算的优选方向的任意一个。
参数：calibrate.dir
A logical expression indicating whether or not to re-calibrate the path to the goal at each evaluation interval.
一个逻辑表达式，表示是否要重新校准path在每个计算时间间隔的目标。
参数：calibrate.alt
A logigal expression indicating whether or not to re-calibrate the altitude from which to obtain wind data at each evaluation interval.
一个logigal表达式，表示是否要重新校准的高度，从中获取风在每个评价时间间隔的数据。
参数：cutoff
A numeric value indicating the minimum acceptable flow-assistance to initiate the simulation (and to continue the simulation if land.if.bad = TRUE).
的数值表示可接受的最小流量援助，以启动模拟（并继续模拟land.if.bad = TRUE“）。
参数：when2stop
A list containing at least one of 'latitude', 'longitude', or a numeric value. See Details below.
含的列表中的至少一个“纬度”，“经度”，或一个数字值。请参见下面的详细信息。
参数：levels2consider
A vector indicating the altitudes at which to consider wind conditions. Values may be numeric and describe specific pressure levels or may be a character string describing 'surface' and/or 'gaussian'. See NCEP.interp
一个向量，表示在考虑风条件下的高度。值可以是数字和描述的特定的压力水平，或可能是一个字符串，描述“面”和/或“高斯”。见NCEP.interp
参数：hours
A numeric value indicating the maximum number of hours to continue the simulation, in case the spatial goal is not reached.
一个数字值，该值指示的最大数目时，继续进行模拟的情况下，空间的目标还没有达到。
参数：evaluation.interval
A numeric value indicating the interval (in minutes) in which to reassess the situation and recalibrate (if calibrate.dir or calibrate.alt is TRUE). Also the interval at which movement statistics are calculated.
的数值表示的时间间隔（分钟）中，重新评估局势并重新校准（如果calibrate.dir或calibrate.alt是TRUE）。另外的时间间隔的移动计算统计信息。
参数：id
A character string or numeric value giving an id for the simulation.
一个字符串或一个id为模拟的数值。
参数：land.if.bad
A logical expression describing whether or not the simulation should be interrupted if the flow-assistance is NA or below the cutoff.
一个逻辑表达式描述是否应中断模拟如果流援助NA或低于cutoff。
参数：reanalysis2
A logical expression indicating whether wind data should come from the Reanalysis I dataset (FALSE) or from Reanalysis II (TRUE). See NCEP.interp.
风数据是否应该再分析一个逻辑表达式，表示我的数据集（FALSE）或再分析II（TRUE）。见NCEP.interp。
参数：query
A logical expression indicating whether or not to use NCEP.interp to retrieve wind data. See Details below.
一个逻辑表达式，指示是否使用NCEP.interp检索风数据。请参见下面的详细信息。
Details
详细信息----------Details----------
This function simulates a single trajectory according to the behavioral rules specified in flow.assist.
此功能模拟的是单轨迹根据行为规则指定的flow.assist。
The argument flow.assist gives the flow-assistance equation to apply. It also determines how the animal will behave in relation to the flow conditions and thus how the animal will move. Internal options for flow.assist include "NCEP.FlowSpeed", "NCEP.NegFlowSpeed", "NCEP.Tailwind", "NCEP.Groundspeed", "NCEP.M.Groundspeed", "NCEP.Airspeed",and "NCEP.PartialSpeed". Each flow-assistance equation requires further arguements that should be given as a list to fa.args.
参数flow.assist给出了流辅助方程申请。这也决定了动物的行为将如何在流条件和动物将如何移动。内部选项flow.assist“NCEP.FlowSpeed”，“NCEP.NegFlowSpeed”，“NCEP.Tailwind”，“NCEP.Groundspeed”，“ ;NCEP.M.Groundspeed“，”NCEP.Airspeed“，以及”NCEP.PartialSpeed“。每个流援助方程需要进一步还要争拗，应该作为一个列表fa.args。
Users are invited to create their own flow-assistance functions using one of the existing functions as a template. Any flow-assistance function that is used in the context of NCEP.flight must contain at least the arguments u, v, and direction, as these arguments are passed directly by NCEP.flight if query == TRUE. If query == FALSE, only the argument direction is passed directly by NCEP.flight. Any other arguments are possible, and their value may be set using fa.args. As well, any flow-assistance function that is used in the context of NCEP.flight must produce a data.frame as output. This data.frame must contain at least the variables fa, forward.move, and side.move, but may also contain as many other variables as desired. Note that forward.move and side.move should give forward and sideways speeds relative to the specified direction in meters per second and should already account for the animal's own airspeed.
请用户创建自己的流辅助功能作为模板使用一个现有的功能。任何流辅助功能中使用的背景下NCEP.flight必须包含至少参数u，v和direction，这些参数直接通过 NCEP.flight如果query==TRUE。如果query==FALSE，唯一的说法direction是通过直接NCEP.flight。任何其他参数是可能的，和他们的值可以设置使用fa.args。同时，任何流辅助功能中使用的背景下NCEP.flight，必须出示data.frame输出。该data.frame必须包含至少变量fa，forward.move，和side.move，但也可能包含尽可能多的所需的其他变量。需要注意的是forward.move和side.move应该给前锋和横向速度相对于指定的direction米每秒，已经占到了动物自身的空速。
If calibrate.dir is TRUE, the animal will adjust its direction at each evaluation.interval if necessary to reorient to its end.loc. The new direction is calculated according to the specification of path. If calibrate.dir is FALSE and path is not numeric, the direction to the end.loc is calculated before take-off but not again during the simulation. If path is 'loxodrome', the rhumb line or constant compass direction is calculated to the end.loc. See NCEP.loxodrome. If path is 'great.circle', the angle describing the shortest path to the end.loc is calculated using earth.bear. A warning is issued if path is numeric and calibrate.dir is TRUE.
如果calibrate.dir是TRUE，的动物将调整其direction在每一个evaluation.interval如果有必要重新调整其end.loc。新的方向计算根据规范的path。 calibrate.dir如果是FALSE和path是不是数字，方向end.loc起飞前计算，但不会再在模拟过程中。如果path'loxodrome'，沿恒向线或定罗盘方向计算到的end.loc。见NCEP.loxodrome。如果path'great.circle'“的角度描述的最短路径end.loc计算使用earth.bear。如果path是数字和calibrate.dir是TRUE，将发出警告。
If calibrate.alt is TRUE, the animal will select at each evaluation.interval from levels2consider the most supportive flow conditions according to the specified flow.assist equation. If calibrate.alt is FALSE and the length of levels2consider is greater than one, the animal will select from levels2consider the most supportive flow conditions according to the specified flow.assist equation only when initiating the simulation and will continue using conditions at that level thereafter.
calibrate.alt如果是TRUE，动物会选择在每一个evaluation.intervallevels2consider最支持的流条件根据指定的flow.assist方程。如果calibrate.alt是FALSE的长度levels2consider是大于1的，动物会选择从levels2consider最支持的流量条件下，根据指定的flow.assist方程只有当启动模拟，并会继续在这个水平之后的使用条件。
If the list passed to when2stop includes the character strings 'latitude' or 'longitude' the simulation will stop when the latitude or longitude, respectively, of the end.loc is reached. A numeric argument passed to the when2stop list indicates a distance from the end.loc in kilometers at which to stop the simulation. The simulation will end when any of the when2stop arguments are satisfied.
如果列表传递when2stop的包含的字符串“纬度”或“经度”模拟将停止时，纬度或经度，分别的end.loc达到。一个数字参数传递给when2stop列表的显示的距离end.loc公里时停止模拟。模拟会结束时，任何的when2stop参数表示满意。
The argument query indicates whether or not to use NCEP.interp to retrieve wind data from the NCEP database via the Internet. This is intended to facilitate the use of flow conditions from sources other than NCEP. For example, one could use the time and location of the animal at each timestep to retrieve data from an oceanic dataset or an atmospheric dataset with higher resolution than NCEP. Alternatively, one could examine the trajectory of an animal that encounters consistent flow conditions of a given intensity for its entire journey. Since the user supplies the flow information, there is no need to query wind data from NCEP, and the function will run much faster. See the examples for a demonstration.
参数query指示是否使用NCEP.interp风数据来检索从NCEP数据库通过互联网。这是为了方便使用的流动条件从其他来源比NCEP。例如，可以使用的时间和地点的动物，在每一个时间步的海洋数据集或数据集，更高的分辨率比NCEP大气中检索数据。或者，人们可以检查一个动物遇到的轨迹一致的水流条件的一个给定的强度为它的整个行程。由于用户供给的流信息，还有来自NCEP无需查询风数据，该函数将运行得更快。示范的例子。
值----------Value----------
A data.frame containing at least the flow-assistance (i.e. fa), forward.move, and side.move each in meters per second.
Adata.frame包含至少流援助（即fa）forward.move，side.move每在米每秒。
（作者）----------Author(s)----------
Michael U. Kemp <a href="mailto:M.U.Kemp@UvA.nl">M.U.Kemp@UvA.nl</a>
参考文献----------References----------
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
注2：由于是机器人自动翻译，难免有不准确之处，使用时仔细对照中、英文内容进行反复理解，可以帮助R语言的学习。
注3：如遇到不准确之处，请在本贴的后面进行回帖，我们会逐渐进行修订。
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发表于 2012-9-27 19:38:10
