The Power of PROC FORMAT—SAS书籍免费下载

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Table of Contents
Preface ...................................................................................................................... vii
Acknowledgments........................................................................................................ ix
Using This Book ........................................................................................................... xi
1 Introduction to SAS Informats and Formats.....................................................1
1.1 Chapter Overview.............................................................................................2
1.2 Using SAS Informats ..........................................................................................2
1.2.1 INPUT Statement .....................................................................................3
1.2.2 INPUT Function .......................................................................................7
1.2.3 INPUTN and INPUTC Functions.................................................................8
1.2.4 ATTRIB and INFORMAT Statements ...........................................................8
1.3 Using SAS Formats............................................................................................9
1.3.1 FORMAT Statement in Procedures ...........................................................10
1.3.2 PUT Statement.......................................................................................11
1.3.3 PUT Function.........................................................................................13
1.3.4 PUTN and PUTC Functions......................................................................14
1.3.5 BESTw. Format......................................................................................14
1.4 Additional Comments ......................................................................................17
iv Table of Contents
2 Why Use PROC FORMAT? ................................................................................19
2.1 Chapter Overview...........................................................................................20
2.2 Table Lookups.................................................................................................20
2.2.1 Binary Search Algorithm Used by SAS to Evaluate User-Defined Formats and
Informats ........................................................................................................22
2.3 Data Sets Used in the Book ..............................................................................22
2.3.1 Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency Survery Data.......................................23
2.3.2 Hypothetical Credit Score Data...............................................................25
3 VALUE and INVALUE Statements: Syntax and Examples .............................27
3.1 Chapter Overview...........................................................................................28
3.2 Introductory Example .......................................................................................28
3.2.1 Using the IF-THEN/ELSE Statement .........................................................29
3.2.2 Using the VALUE Statement ....................................................................30
3.3 Internal SAS Character Informats and Impact on User-Defined Formats ..................32
3.4 Order of Format Labels Output .........................................................................34
3.5 Example of Using the INVALUE Statement ..........................................................36
3.5.1 JUST and UPCASE Invalue Options..........................................................38
3.6 Rules for Using VALUE and INVALUE Statements.................................................40
3.6.1 Format and Informat Names ...................................................................41
3.6.2 Length of Format and Informat Names .....................................................42
3.6.3 Format and Informat Name Options ........................................................42
3.6.4 Additional Label Specifications for Informats.............................................44
3.6.5 Specifying Values and Invalues ...............................................................45
3.7 Embedded (or Nested) Formats and Informats within Labels .................................48
Table of Contents v
4 PICTURE Statements ..........................................................................................51
4.1 Chapter Overview.......................................................................................... 52
4.2 Digit Selectors in Label Definitions.................................................................... 52
4.3 Example: Printing Percentages in PROC TABULATE ........................................... 53
4.4 Using the ROUND Option............................................................................... 55
4.5 PREFIX Option: An Example Using Negative Values ........................................... 56
4.6 Specifying Label Widths for Picture Formats .................................................... 56
4.7 Controlling the Length of the Picture Format Label ............................................ 58
4.8 Using Internal SAS Formats to Meet Your Needs................................................ 59
4.9 The MULTIPLIER Option ................................................................................... 60
4.10 Additional Options to Use with the PICTURE Statement ..................................... 63
5 DATA Step Applications....................................................................................65
5.1 Chapter Overview...........................................................................................66
5.2 Table Lookup Variable Assignment....................................................................66
5.3 Two-Dimensional Table Lookup .........................................................................68
5.4 Using PUTC and PUTN with Macro Variables.....................................................70
5.5 Using PROC FORMAT to Extract Data ...............................................................72
5.6 Using PROC FORMAT for Data Merges: Creating Formats from Data....................72
5.7 Applying DATA Step Formats to Outlier Trimming ...............................................75
vi Table of Contents
6 MULTILABEL Option: When One-to-One or Many-to-One Is Not Enough .. 81
6.1 Chapter Overview......................................................................................... 82
6.2 MULTILABEL Example..................................................................................... 83
7 Managing Format Catalogs ........................................................................... 89
7.1 Chapter Overview......................................................................................... 90
7.2 Storing Formats............................................................................................. 90
7.3 Viewing Stored Formats ................................................................................. 92
7.4 Viewing and Modifying the Format Catalog..................................................... 94
7.5 Transporting Stored Formats ........................................................................... 96
Index..................................................................................................................... 97

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