qq.chisq(snpStats)
qq.chisq()所属R语言包：snpStats
Quantile-quantile plot for chi-squared tests
卡方检验位数位数图
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
This function plots ranked observed chi-squared test statistics against the corresponding expected order statistics. It also estimates an inflation (or deflation) factor, lambda, by the ratio of the trimmed means of observed and expected values. This is useful for inspecting the results of whole-genome association studies for overdispersion due to population substructure and other sources of bias or confounding.
此功能图对相应的预期顺序统计排名，卡方检验统计观察。它还估计通货膨胀（或通货紧缩）的因素，LAMBDA，修剪的方法观察和预期值的比率。检查偏大离差的全基因组关联研究的结果，由于人口子和其他来源的偏见或混淆的，这是有用的。
用法----------Usage----------
qq.chisq(x, df=1, x.max, main="QQ plot",
sub=paste("Expected distribution: chi-squared (",df," df)", sep=""),
xlab="Expected", ylab="Observed",
conc=c(0.025, 0.975), overdisp=FALSE, trim=0.5,
slope.one=FALSE, slope.lambda=FALSE, pvals=FALSE,
thin=c(0.25,50), oor.pch=24, col.shade="gray", ...)
参数----------Arguments----------
参数：x
A vector of observed chi-squared test values
观测卡方检验值的向量
参数：df
The degreees of freedom for the tests
为自由的测试的degreees，
参数：x.max
If present, truncate the observed value (Y) axis at abs(x.max). If x.max is negative, the y-axis will extend to abs(x.max) even if the observed data do not
如果存在，截断观测值在abs(x.max)（Y）轴。 x.max如果是负，y轴将延伸到abs(x.max)观测数据，即使不
参数：main
The main heading
主标题
参数：sub
The subheading
副标题
参数：xlab
x-axis label (default "Expected")
X轴标签（默认的“预期”）
参数：ylab
y-axis label (default "Observed")
Y轴标签（默认的“观察”）
参数：conc
Lower and upper probability bounds for concentration band for the plot. Set this to NA to suppress this
浓度积带下限和上限的概率边界。设置此NA压制
参数：overdisp
If TRUE, an overdispersion factor, lambda, will be estimated and used in calculating concentration band
如果TRUE，偏大离差的因素，LAMBDA，将估计和用于计算浓度乐队
参数：trim
Quantile point for trimmed mean calculations for estimation of lambda. Default is to trim at the median
修剪的lambda估计平均计算的位数点。默认情况下是修剪中位数
参数：slope.one
Is a line of slope one to be superimpsed?
是一个斜坡一线将superimpsed？
参数：slope.lambda
Is a line of slope lambda to be superimposed?
是要叠加一个斜坡的lambda行吗？
参数：pvals
Are P-values to be indicated on an axis drawn on the right-hand side of the plot?
轴表示的P值都画上右边的图吗？
参数：thin
A pair of numbers indicating how points will be thinned before plotting (see Details). If NA, no thinning will be carried out
对一个说明如何将之前绘制薄点的数量（见详情）。如果NA，没有细化将开展
参数：oor.pch
Observed values greater than x.max are plotted at x.max. This argument sets the plotting symbol to be used for out-of-range observations
更大的观测值比x.maxx.max的绘制。此参数设置图形符号使用范围的意见
参数：col.shade
The colour with which the concentration band will be filled
与浓度带将填充色
参数：...
Further graphical parameter settings to be passed to points()
进一步图形的参数设置被传递points()的
Details
详情----------Details----------
To reduce plotting time and the size of plot files, the smallest observed and expected points are thinned so that only a reduced number of (approximately equally spaced) points are plotted. The precise behaviour is controlled by the parameter thin, whose value should be a pair of numbers. The first number must lie between 0 and 1 and sets the proportion of the X axis over which thinning is to be applied. The second number should be an integer and sets the maximum number of points to be plotted in this section.
为了减少绘图时间和图形文件的大小，最小的观测和预期分薄，所以，只有数量减少（约等距）点绘制。控制参数的thin，其价值应该是一个对数字精确的行为。第一个数字必须介于0和1，并设置细化哪些是被应用于X轴的比例。第二个数字应该是一个整数，设置点的最大数量将在本节策划。
The "concentration band" for the plot is shown in grey. This region is defined by upper and lower probability bounds for each order statistic. The default is to use the 2.5 Note that this is not a simultaneous confidence region; the probability that the plot will stray outside the band at some point exceeds 95
“集中带”的图，以灰色显示。这个区域是指每个订单统计概率上下界。默认的是使用2.5的注意，这是不同步的信心区域，该图将流浪乐队外，在某些点的概率超过95
When required, the dispersion factor is estimated by the ratio of the observed trimmed mean to its expected value under the chi-squared assumption.
必要时，色散系数估计通过观察修剪意味着其卡方假设下的预期值的比率。
值----------Value----------
The function returns the number of tests, the number of values omitted from the plot (greater than x.max), and the estimated dispersion factor, lambda.
该函数返回的测试值的数目从图省略，估计分散因素，LAMBDA（比x.max）。
注意----------Note----------
All tests must have the same number of degrees of freedom. If this is not the case, I suggest transforming to p-values and then plotting -2log(p) as chi-squared on 2 df.
所有的测试必须有相同数量的自由度。如果不是这样的情况下，我建议转化为p值，然后图2log卡平方（P）2 DF。
作者（S）----------Author(s)----------
David Clayton <a href="mailto:david.clayton@cimr.cam.ac.uk">david.clayton@cimr.cam.ac.uk</a>
参考文献----------References----------
参见----------See Also----------
single.snp.tests, snp.lhs.tests,
single.snp.tests，snp.lhs.tests
举例----------Examples----------
## See example the single.snp.tests() function[＃例如的single.snp.tests（）函数]
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
注2：由于是机器人自动翻译，难免有不准确之处，使用时仔细对照中、英文内容进行反复理解，可以帮助R语言的学习。
注3：如遇到不准确之处，请在本贴的后面进行回帖，我们会逐渐进行修订。
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发表于 2012-2-26 14:45:39
