tisPlot(tis)
tisPlot()所属R语言包：tis
Plot time indexed series (tis objects)
图时间索引系列（TIS对象）
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
tisPlot is a function with dozens of options for creating high quality time series plots. Can be used with screenPage.
tisPlot是几十个选项的功能与创造高品质的时间序列图。可以使用screenPage。
用法----------Usage----------
tisPlot(...,
leftAxis = TRUE, plotType = "l",
lineType = "solid", lineWidth = 1.5,
plotChar = "*", dataCex = 1, color = 1,
midPoints = TRUE, dropNA = FALSE, xOffset = 0,
xAxisMin = NULL, xAxisMax = NULL, xExpandBy = 0.04,
xTickFreq = "Auto", xTickSkip = 0,
xUnlabeledTickFreq = "None", xUnlabeledTickSkip = 0,
xMinorTickFreq = "None", xMinorTickSkip = 0,
dateFormat = "Auto", xCex = 1,
midLabels = FALSE, yearLabels = FALSE,
xAxisLabel = NULL, xSpace = 4, log = FALSE,
leftAxisMin = NULL, leftAxisMax = NULL, leftExpandBy = 0.04,
leftTicks = 5, leftTickLocations = NULL,
labelLeftTicks = FALSE, leftTickLabels = NULL,
rightAxisMin = NULL, rightAxisMax = NULL, rightExpandBy = 0.04,
rightTicks = 5, rightTickLocations = NULL,
labelRightTicks = TRUE, rightTickLabels = NULL,
yCex = 1, extendTopTick = TRUE,
cex = 1,
head = NULL, headAlign = 0.5, headCex = 1.5,
sub = NULL, subCex = 0.85,
leftTopLabel = NULL, rightTopLabel = NULL, topLabelAlign = 0,
labCex = 1,
leftInsideLabel = NULL, rightInsideLabel = NULL,
innerLine = 0.5, innerOffset = 0.05, innerCex = 0.8,
foot = NULL, footColor = "black", footAlign = 0,
footCex = 0.8, footSpace = -1,
tck = 0.03,
axisWidth = 2,
start = 0, end = 0,
boxType = "u",
leftMargin = -1, rightMargin = -1, topMargin = -1, bottomMargin = -1,
nberShade = FALSE, nberColor = "gray", nberBorder = FALSE, nberArgs = list())
参数----------Arguments----------
参数：...
any number of univariate or multivariate tis series to be plotted. Non-tis arguments will be converted by as.tis.
要绘制任意数量的单变量和多变量tis系列。非tis参数将转换as.tis。
参数：leftAxis
logical. leftAxis[i] = TRUE means plot the i'th series against the left axis, otherwise plot it against the right axis.
逻辑。 leftAxis[i] = TRUE是指第i个系列的左轴绘制，否则绘制它的右轴。
参数：plotType
type of plot desired. Values are "p" for points, "l" for lines, "b" for both points and lines (lines miss the points), and "o" for overlaid points and lines.
所需的图类型。价值观是"p"点"l"线"b"这两个点和线（行错过点），"o"覆盖的点和线。
参数：lineType
character or numeric vector specifying the line type for each series. The default is 1:nSeries, where nSeries is the number of series being plotted. Normally type 1 is solid, 2 is dotted, 3 and up are a mix of dots and dashes.
字符或数字矢量指定为每个系列的行类型。默认是1:nSeries，nSeries多个系列策划。通常情况下输入1是固体，2是星罗棋布，3，是点和线组成的混合。
参数：lineWidth
numeric vector of line widths for the series. The default value is 1.5.
数字向量的线宽的一系列。默认值是1.5。
参数：plotChar
vector of characters (or numbers for plotting symbols – see the help for points for details) to be used for plotting points. Default is "*".
矢量字符（或数字绘图符号 - 用于绘制点的帮助points）。默认值是“*”。
参数：dataCex
numeric vector. cex times these numbers give the character expansion factor for the data points. Default is 1.
数字矢量。 cex倍的数据点，这些数字的字符膨胀系数的。默认值是1。
参数：color
character or numeric vector specifies color for each series. Default is 1, the device default foreground color.
字符或数字矢量指定为每个系列的颜色。默认值是1，该设备默认的前景色。
参数：midPoints
logical. midPoints[i] = TRUE aligns the data points of the i'th series with the middle day of the periods in which they fall, otherwise data points are aligned with the last day of their periods.
逻辑。 midPoints[i] = TRUE对齐的第i个数据点的串联它们属于的期间的中间的一天，否则数据点对准其周期的最后一天。
参数：dropNA
if TRUE, observations with NA values are dropped before calling lines.default to draw the lines and/or points on the plot. See the details section of the help for lines.tis for why you might or might not want to do this. The default is FALSE.
如果TRUE，观测NA值都将被丢弃前调用lines.default画的线条和/或点上的图。查看详细资料部分的帮助lines.tis为什么你可能会或可能不会想这样做。默认的FALSE。
参数：xOffset
Shifts the data points for series[i] to the right by xOffset[i] days. This argument is replicated to be as long as the number of series.
移动数据点系列[i]的xOffset[i]天的权利。这种说法是复制，只要多个系列。
参数：xAxisMin
minimum value of the x axis. If non-NULL, this overrides the calculation described in xExpandBy.
最小值的x轴。如果非NULL，这将覆盖在xExpandBy计算。
参数：xAxisMax
maximum value of the x axis. If non-NULL, this overrides the calculation described in xExpandBy.
的x轴的最大值。如果非NULL，这将覆盖在xExpandBy计算。
参数：xExpandBy
calculate xAxisMin and xAxisMax by multiplicatively extending the data range in both directions by this amount. Default value .04 extends the data range by 4% in each direction.
计算xAxisMin和xAxisMax成倍地延长这一数额在两个方向上的数据范围。默认值0.04扩展数据范围在每个方向上4％。
参数：xTickFreq
a string like the ones returned by tifName. This argument and xTickSkip jointly specify locations for labeled x axis ticks as follow: (i) find the ti's of the given frequency that correspond to xAxisMin and xAxisMax, then (ii) including those as endpoints, generate a sequence of every xTickSkip'th ti between them. Two special strings can also be given. "none" means no labelled tick marks, while "auto" tries (not always successfully) to come up with reasonable tick locations automatically. "auto" also overrides any xTickSkip setting. The default is "auto".
一个字符串类似的返回tifName。这个论点和xTickSkip共同指定的地点标记为x轴刻度线如下：（i）求ti的给定频率对应的xAxisMin和xAxisMax，然后（ii）包括那些作为端点，生成每xTickSkip次ti它们之间的序列。有两个特殊的字符串也可以。 “无”表示没有标记的刻度线，而“自动”尝试（并不总是成功）来自动与合理剔位置。 “自动”也将覆盖任何xTickSkip。默认值是“自动”。
参数：xTickSkip
a number used with xTickFreq to specify location of labeled tick marks. The default is zero.
一些使用xTickFreq到指定的标有刻度线的位置。默认值是零。
参数：xUnlabeledTickFreq
same as xTickFreq, but for unlabeled major tick locations.
xTickFreq相同，但对于未标记的主要刻度位置。
参数：xUnlabeledTickSkip
same as xTickSkip, but for unlabeled major tick locations.
xTickSkip相同，但对于未标记的主要刻度位置。
参数：xMinorTickFreq
same as xTickFreq, but for minor tick locations.
作为xTickFreq相同，但次要刻度位置。
参数：xMinorTickSkip
same as xTickSkip, but for minor tick locations.
作为xTickSkip相同，但次要刻度位置。
参数：dateFormat
format string for x axis date labels. See strftime for formats. Default value "auto" tries to come up with a reasonable format automatically, for some bounded value of "reasonable".
为x轴的日期标签的格式字符串。见strftime的格式。默认值“自动”，试图拿出一个合理的格式，自动一些“合理”的界值。
参数：xCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for the x-axis labels. Default is 1.
cex乘以这个数字给出了字符的扩展系数为x轴标签。默认值是1。
参数：midLabels
if TRUE (the default) x axis label are centered between the ticks they label; if FALSE the label alignment depends on the setting of midPoints. If midPoints is TRUE, the labels (which reflect the last day of the period) are centered under the ticks, else they are (almost) right aligned with the ticks. If rotated labels are specified by nonzero xLabelRotationDegrees, tick labels are right aligned with their ticks.
如果TRUE（默认值）x轴标签的中间刻度线标签，如果FALSE标签对齐的设置midPoints。如果midPoints是TRUE“的标签（这反映期间的最后一天）都集中在刻度线，否则他们（几乎）与刻度线的权利。旋转标签所指定的非零xLabelRotationDegrees，刻度标签右对齐与他们的刻度线。
参数：yearLabels
if TRUE place year labels centered under the x ticks they span. The default is FALSE.
如果TRUE的地方集中在X年标签刻度线跨越。默认的FALSE。
参数：xAxisLabel
text to appear centered under the x axis. Must be a single character string, multi-line xAxisLabel is not supported. No default.
文本出现下的x轴为中心。必须是一个字符串，多行xAxisLabel不支持。无默认值。
参数：xSpace
lines of space to set aside directly beneath the x-axis to hold tick, year and/or axis labels. Default is 4. The space created is xSpace times labCex.
线条的空间的x轴的下方直接拨出持有刻度线，年份和/或轴的标签。默认是4。创造的空间是xSpace倍labCex。
参数：log
if TRUE use log scaling for y axes. Default is FALSE.
如果TRUE的使用log缩放y轴。默认是FALSE。
参数：leftAxisMin
minimum value of the left axis. If non-NULL, this overrides the calculation described in leftExpandBy.
左轴最小值。如果非NULL，这将覆盖在leftExpandBy计算。
参数：leftAxisMax
maximum value of the left axis. If non-NULL, this overrides the calculation described in leftExpandBy.
左轴最大值。如果非NULL，这将覆盖在leftExpandBy计算。
参数：leftExpandBy
calculate leftAxisMin and leftAxisMax by multiplicatively extending the data range of the leftAxis series in both directions by this amount. Default value .04 extends the data range by 4% in each direction.
计算leftAxisMin和leftAxisMax成倍地扩大数据范围在两个方向上这一数额的leftAxis系列。默认值0.04扩展数据范围在每个方向上4％。
参数：leftTicks
number of ticks to draw on left axis at "pretty" locations. Default is 5. This argument is ignored if leftTickLocations is non-NULL.
左轴“漂亮”的位置画上的刻度线数量。默认值是5。如果leftTickLocations非NULL，则忽略此参数。
参数：leftTickLocations
if non-NULL, a vector of desired tick locations or a string that evaluates to such a vector. The default value NULL lets the setting for leftTicks take effect.
如果非NULL，矢量所需的刻度位置或一个字符串，其值这样的向量。默认值为NULL让leftTicks生效的设置。
参数：labelLeftTicks
If TRUE, label ticks on the left axis. Default is FALSE.
如果TRUE，标签上的记号左轴。默认是FALSE。
参数：leftTickLabels
character vector of tick labels or NULL (the default). If NULL and labelLeftTicks is TRUE, labels are constructed from the tick locations. This argument has no effect if labelLeftTicks is FALSE.
字符向量的刻度标记或NULL（默认值）。如果为NULL，labelLeftTicksTRUE，标签构造从刻度线位置。这种说法有没有影响，如果labelLeftTicks是FALSE。
参数：rightAxisMin
minimum value of the right axis. If non-NULL, this overrides the calculation described in rightExpandBy.
右轴最小值。如果非NULL，这将覆盖在rightExpandBy计算。
参数：rightAxisMax
maximum value of the right axis. If non-NULL, this overrides the calculation described in rightExpandBy.
右轴的最大值。如果非NULL，这将覆盖在rightExpandBy计算。
参数：rightExpandBy
calculate rightAxisMin and rightAxisMax by multiplicatively extending the data range of the rightAxis series in both directions by this amount. Default value .04 extends the data range by 4% in each direction.
计算rightAxisMin和rightAxisMax成倍地扩大数据范围在两个方向上这一数额的rightAxis系列。默认值0.04扩展数据范围在每个方向上4％。
参数：rightTicks
number of ticks to draw on right axis at "pretty" locations. Default is 5. This argument is ignored if rightTickLocations is non-NULL.
画上“漂亮”的位置在右轴的刻度数数。默认值是5。如果rightTickLocations非NULL，则忽略此参数。
参数：rightTickLocations
if non-NULL, a vector of desired tick locations or a string that evaluates to such a vector. The default value NULL lets the setting for rightTicks take effect.
如果非NULL，矢量所需的刻度位置或一个字符串，其值这样的向量。默认值为NULL让rightTicks生效的设置。
参数：labelRightTicks
If TRUE, label ticks on the right axis. Default is FALSE.
如果TRUE，右轴标签上的记号。默认是FALSE。
参数：rightTickLabels
character vector of tick labels or NULL (the default). If NULL and labelRightTicks is TRUE, labels are constructed from the tick locations. This argument has no effect if labelRightTicks is FALSE.
字符向量的刻度标记或NULL（默认值）。如果为NULL，labelRightTicksTRUE，标签构造从刻度线位置。这种说法有没有影响，如果labelRightTicks是FALSE。
参数：yCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for the left and right axis labels. Default is 1.
cex乘以这个数字给出了字符的扩展系数，为左和右轴标签。默认值是1。
参数：extendTopTick
if TRUE (the default) the top tick of the y axes encloses the panel. leftAxisMax and rightAxisMax are increased as necessary to include the top tick for enclosing the panel.
如果TRUE（默认值）y轴顶部的滴答声包围的面板。 leftAxisMax和rightAxisMax是必要的，包括封闭面板的顶部刻度增加。
参数：cex
the base character expansion factor by which all of the ***cex parameters are scaled. The default setting is the value of par("cex").
所有***cex参数基本字符的膨胀系数的换算。默认设置为par("cex")。
参数：head
text to appear at the top of the figure region, with alignment determined by headAlign. No default.
文字出现在顶部的身影区域，的对齐由headAlign。无默认值。
参数：headAlign
number indicating justification for the strings in head and sub. 0 means left justify, 1 means right justify, 0.5 (the default) means to center the text. Other numbers are a corresponding distance between the extremes.
说明理由中的字符串head和sub数。 0是指左对齐，1是指右对齐，0.5（默认值）为中心的文本。其他的数字是对应的两个极端之间的距离。
参数：headCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for head. Default is 1.5.
cex倍这个数字的字符膨胀系数head。默认值是1.5。
参数：sub
text to appear just under head, with alignment determined by headAlign. No default.
文本只出现在head，有对齐的决定headAlign。无默认值。
参数：subCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for sub. Default is 0.85.
cex倍这个数字的字符膨胀系数sub。默认值是0.85。
参数：leftTopLabel
text to appear at the top of the left axis, with alignment determined by topLabelAlign. No default.
文字出现在左轴的顶部，的对齐由topLabelAlign。无默认值。
参数：rightTopLabel
text to appear at the top of the right axis, with alignment determined by topLabelAlign. No default.
文字出现在右轴的顶部，的对齐由topLabelAlign。无默认值。
参数：topLabelAlign
number indicating alignment for the strings in leftTopLabel. 0 (the default) means left justify, 1 means right justify, 0.5 means to center the text. rightTopLabel, if given, is aligned by 1 - topLabelAlign.
数字，表示对齐方式中的字符串leftTopLabel。 0（默认值），左对齐，1是指右对齐，0.5是指中心的文本。 rightTopLabel，如果是对齐的1 - topLabelAlign。
参数：labCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for leftTopLabel, rightTopLabel, and xAxisLabel.
cex倍这个数字给人的字符膨胀系数为leftTopLabel，rightTopLabel和xAxisLabel。
参数：leftInsideLabel
text to appear left justified and just inside the upper left corner of the plot region. No default.
出现的文本左对齐，里面的图区域的左上角。无默认值。
参数：rightInsideLabel
text to appear right justified and just inside the upper right corner of the plot region. No default.
文本右对齐，只是里面的图区域的右上角出现。无默认值。
参数：innerOffset
number between 0 and 1, a fractional offset for the inside labels. The left edge of leftInsideLabel is offset by this fraction of the x range from the left edge of the plot, as is the right edge of rightInsideLabel from the right edge of the plot.
介于0和1之间的数，偏移量的内标签的分数。的左边缘leftInsideLabel所抵消的图的左边缘的x范围从该馏分，因为是从图的右边缘的右侧边缘rightInsideLabel。
参数：innerLine
Number of lines in from the top edge of the plot to put the first line of the inside labels.
从顶部边缘的图把的内部的标签的第一行中的行数。
参数：innerCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for leftInsideLabel and rightInsideLabel.
cex倍这个数字的字符leftInsideLabel和rightInsideLabel膨胀系数。
参数：foot
text to appear at the bottom of the figure region, with alignment determined by footAlign. Use a vector of character strings to get several footnotes. No default.
文字出现在底部的身影区域，的对齐由footAlign。使用一个字符串向量得到的脚注。无默认值。
参数：footAlign
number indicating justification for the strings in foot. 0 (the default) means left justify, 1 means right justify, 0.5 means to center the text. Other numbers are a corresponding distance between the extremes.
数中的字符串foot说明理由。 0（默认值），左对齐，1是指右对齐，0.5是指中心的文本。其他的数字是对应的两个极端之间的距离。
参数：footCex
cex times this number gives the character expansion factor for foot. Default is 0.8.
cex倍这个数字的字符膨胀系数foot。默认值是0.8。
参数：footColor
character or numeric vector as long as foot, specifying the color for each footnote. Default is 1, the device default foreground color. The elements of this argument are cyclically repeated, if necessary, to make footColor the same length as foot.
只要foot，指定颜色的每个脚注的字符或数字矢量。默认值是1，该设备默认的前景色。这一论点的元素被循环重复，如有必要，使footColorfoot相同的长度。
参数：footSpace
lines of space to set aside directly beneath the space allocated by xSpace to hold footnotes. The space created is footSpace times footCex. Default is length(foot); using a higher value will result in extra space in the bottom figure margin.
线条的空间正下方预留的空间分配xSpace持有脚注。创造的空间是footSpace倍footCex。默认是长度（foot）使用较高的值将导致额外的空间，在底部的数字保证金。
参数：tck
The length of xTick, xUnlabeledTick and side tick marks as a fraction of the smaller of the width or height of the plotting region. Minor ticks (xMinorTicks) are 2/3 as long. If tck >= 0.5 it is interpreted as a fraction of the relevant side, so if tck = 1 grid lines are drawn. The default is tck = 0.03.
的长度xTick，xUnlabeledTick和侧面的刻度作为绘图区域的宽度或高度的较小的一小部分。次刻度（xMinorTicks）有2/3的时间。如果tck >= 0.5它被解释为相关方的一小部分，所以如果tck = 1的网格线绘制。默认的tck = 0.03。
参数：axisWidth
line width for the axes and box (if any). Default is 2.
轴和箱线的宽度（如果有的话）。默认值是2。
参数：start
starting date for the plot. The default is the earliest start time of all the series. This argument can be supplied in any of the forms understood by ti().
图的开始日期。默认值是所有系列的最早开始时间。这种说法，可以提供在任何形式理解ti()。
参数：end
end date for the plot. The default is the latest end time of all the series. This argument can be supplied in any of the forms understood by ti().
图的结束日期。默认值是所有系列的结束时间。这种说法，可以提供在任何形式理解ti()。
参数：boxType
character representing the type of box. Characters "o", "l" (ell), "7", "c" will produce boxes which resemble the corresponding upper-case letters. The value "n" will suppress boxes. The default is "u".
“类型”框中的字符，表示。 "o"，"l"（ELL），"7"，"c"会产生相应的大写字母的框类似。值"n"将抑制盒。默认的"u"。
参数：leftMargin
lines of space for the left margin. Default value (-1) figures this out automatically.
左边缘线条的空间。数字会自动默认值（-1）。
参数：rightMargin
lines of space for the right margin. Default value (-1) figures this out automatically.
右页边距线条的空间。数字会自动默认值（-1）。
参数：topMargin
lines of space for the top margin. Default value (-1) figures this out automatically.
线条的空间的顶部边缘。数字会自动默认值（-1）。
参数：bottomMargin
lines of space for the bottom margin. Default value (-1) figures this out automatically.
底部边缘线条的空间。数字会自动默认值（-1）。
参数：nberShade
if TRUE, call the nberShade function to shade recession periods on the plot. The default is FALSE.
如果TRUE，nberShade函数遮阳经济衰退期间的图。默认的FALSE。
参数：nberColor
color to shade recessionary periods if nberShade is TRUE. Passed along to the nberShade function.
颜色遮阳nberShade经济衰退时期，如果TRUE。传递给nberShade功能。
参数：nberBorder
if TRUE and nberShade is also TRUE, draws borders on the NBER shaded areas. Default is FALSE.
如果TRUE和nberShadeTRUE，吸引NBER阴影区域的边界上。默认是FALSE。
参数：nberArgs
additional args to be passed along to the nberShade function if nberShade is TRUE.
额外的参数传递给nberShade功能的，如果nberShade是TRUE。
Details
详细信息----------Details----------
leftAxis, plotType, lineType, lineWidth, plotChar, dataCex, color and midPoints are all cyclically repeated to make them length nSeries, the number of series plotted.
leftAxis，plotType，lineType，lineWidth，plotChar，dataCex，color和midPoints是所有循环反复进行使它们的长度nSeries，绘制的系列数。
Each of the text items head, sub, leftTopLabel, rightTopLabel, leftInsideLabel, rightInsideLabel, foot, and xAxisLabel can be given as a string, a collections of strings, or as a string that gets evaluated to one of the first two. (But xAxisLabel takes only a single string.) See the help details for evalOrEcho to see how this works.
的文本项head，sub，leftTopLabel，rightTopLabel，leftInsideLabel，rightInsideLabel，foot和xAxisLabel可以被指定为一个字符串，字符串的集合，或一个字符串，被评估的前两个。 （但xAxisLabel只需要一个单一的字符串。）的帮助evalOrEcho看到这是如何工作的细节。
值----------Value----------
tisPlot invisibly returns a list of class "tisPlot" and elements named series, dateFormat, plotType, lineType, dataCex, color, plotChar, lineWidth, yLegendOffset, cex, xRange, leftRange, rightRange, midPoints and par. This list is useful mostly as an argument to tisLegend.
tisPlot无形地返回一个列表的类“tisPlot”和元素命名为series，dateFormat，plotType，lineType，dataCex，color，plotChar，lineWidth，yLegendOffset，cex，xRange，leftRange，rightRange，midPoints 和par。这个名单是有用的，主要是作为一个参数tisLegend。
注意----------Note----------
The arguments for tisPlot and its sister function scatterPlot have more descriptive names than the corresponding arguments in plot. They are also all of unique types, unlike, for example, the lty argument in the usual R plotting functions, which can be either character or numeric. Limiting each argument to a single type was done to make it easier to design a user interface to drive the functions.
参数tisPlot和它的姊妹功能scatterPlot有更多的描述比相应的参数plot的名称。他们也都不同，独特类型，例如，lty在通常的R参数绘图功能，它可以是字符或数字。限制每一个单一的类型的参数进行，使其更容易设计一个用户界面来驱动的功能。
Use tisLegend to add legends to a plot created by tisPlot or scatterPlot.
使用tisLegend传说的图tisPlot或scatterPlot。
参见----------See Also----------
evalOrEcho, scatterPlot, tisLegend, nberShade
evalOrEcho，scatterPlot，tisLegend，nberShade
实例----------Examples----------
firstTis <- tis(cumsum(rnorm(120)), start = c(1996,1), freq = 12)
secondTis <- tis(cumsum(rnorm(120)), start = c(1996,1), freq = 12)
tisPlot(firstTis, secondTis, color = c("red", "green"),
lineType = "solid", head = "Two Random Walks")
tisLegend(legend = c("Random Walk 1", "Random Walk 2"))
series <- tis(cumsum(rnorm(200)), start = c(1960,1), tif = "quarterly")
tisPlot(series, xMinorTickFreq = "annual", nberShade = TRUE,
head = "A Random Walk", sub = "Looks like an econ series",
rightTopLabel = "$Billions")
romerLines()
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注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
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发表于 2012-10-1 10:40:55
