quad.object(spatstat)
quad.object()所属R语言包：spatstat
Class of Quadrature Schemes
一类正交计划
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
A class "quad" to represent a quadrature scheme.
A类"quad"代表正交计划。
Details
详细信息----------Details----------
A (finite) quadrature scheme is a list of quadrature points u[j] and associated weights w[j] which is used to approximate an integral by a finite sum:
A（有限）正交计划是一个正交分u[j]和相关联权重w[j]这是用来近似积分有限的总和：
Given a point pattern dataset, a Berman-Turner quadrature scheme is one which includes all these data points, as well as a nonzero number of other (“dummy”) points.
给定的点图案数据集，伯曼特纳正交方案是其中包括了所有这些数据点，以及一个非零数量的其他点（“假”）。
These quadrature schemes are used to approximate the pseudolikelihood of a point process, in the method of Baddeley and Turner (2000) (see Berman and Turner (1992)). Accuracy and computation time both increase with the number of points in the quadrature scheme.
使用这些正交计划的pseudolikelihood的点处理，灸手可热的方法和Turner（2000）（见伯尔曼和Turner（1992））。精度和计算时间增加的点的数量在正交计划。
An object of class "quad" represents a Berman-Turner quadrature scheme. It can be passed as an argument to the model-fitting function ppm, which requires a quadrature scheme.
一个对象的类"quad"的代表伯曼 - 特纳积分方案。通过它可以作为一个参数的模型拟合的功能ppm，需要一个积分方案。
An object of this class contains at least the following elements:
这个类的一个目的至少包含下列元素：
Users are strongly advised not to manipulate these entries directly.
我们强烈建议用户不要直接操作这些项目。
The domain of quadrature is specified by dummy$window while the observation window (if this needs to be specified separately) is taken to be data$window.
指定的域正交dummy$window的观察窗口（如果这需要另行规定）采取data$window。
The weights vector w may also have an attribute attr(w, "zeroes") equivalent to the logical vector (w == 0). If this is absent then all points are known to have positive weights.
的权重向量w也可能有一个属性attr(w, "zeroes")相当于逻辑矢量(w == 0)。如果这是不存在的，那么所有的点是已知的具有正权重。
To create an object of class "quad", users would typically call the high level function quadscheme. (They are actually created by the low level function quad.)
要创建一个对象类"quad"，用户通常会打检测的高级功能quadscheme。 （实际上它们所创造的低级别的功能quad）。
Entries are extracted from a "quad" object by the functions x.quad, y.quad, w.quad and marks.quad, which extract the x coordinates, y coordinates, weights, and marks, respectively. The function n.quad returns the total number of quadrature points (dummy plus data).
文章从"quad"对象中提取的功能x.quad，y.quad，w.quad和marks.quad，提取x协调，所述>坐标，重量，和标记，分别。的功能y返回正交点（虚设加数据）的总数。
An object of class "quad" can be converted into an ordinary point pattern by the function union.quad which simply takes the union of the data and dummy points.
一个对象的类"quad"的可以被转换成一个普通的点模式的功能union.quad只是简单地采用联盟的数据和虚拟点。
Quadrature schemes can be plotted using plot.quad (a method for the generic plot).
正交计划可以绘制使用plot.quad（一个方法的通用plot）。
（作者）----------Author(s)----------
Adrian Baddeley
<a href="mailto:Adrian.Baddeley@csiro.au">Adrian.Baddeley@csiro.au</a>
<a href="http://www.maths.uwa.edu.au/~adrian/">http://www.maths.uwa.edu.au/~adrian/</a>
and Rolf Turner
<a href="mailto:r.turner@auckland.ac.nz">r.turner@auckland.ac.nz</a>
参见----------See Also----------
quadscheme, ppm
quadscheme，ppm
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
注2：由于是机器人自动翻译，难免有不准确之处，使用时仔细对照中、英文内容进行反复理解，可以帮助R语言的学习。
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发表于 2012-9-30 14:02:47
