Memory-limits(base)
Memory-limits()所属R语言包：base
Memory Limits in R
在R的内存限制
译者：生物统计家园网 机器人LoveR
描述----------Description----------
R holds objects it is using in virtual memory. This help file documents the current design limitations on large objects: these differ between 32-bit and 64-bit builds of R.
R上成立，它是在虚拟内存使用的对象。这帮助文件记录了当前大型物体的设计上的限制：这些河的32位和64位版本之间的不同
Details
详情----------Details----------
Currently R runs on 32- and 64-bit operating systems, and most 64-bit OSes (including Linux, Solaris, Windows and Mac OS X) can run either 32- or 64-bit builds of R. The memory limits depends mainly on the build, but for a 32-bit build of R on Windows they also depend on the underlying OS version.
目前ŕ运行32 - 位和64位操作系统，可以运行大多数64位操作系统（包括Linux，Solaris，Windows和Mac OS X中）32 - 或64位的河建立的内存限制主要取决于建立，但他们还为32位Windows上建立研发，依赖于底层的操作系统版本。
R holds all objects in memory, and there are limits based on the amount of memory that can be used by all objects:
R上成立了内存中的所有对象，并有上的所有对象，可以使用的内存量为基础的限制：
There may be limits on the size of the heap and the number of cons cells allowed – see Memory – but these are usually not imposed.
可能是有限制的堆的大小和数量允许的利弊单元 - 见Memory - 但这些通常不是强加。
There is a limit on the (user) address space of a single process such as the R executable. This is system-specific, and can depend on the executable.
是有限制的R可执行文件，如单个进程的地址空间（用户）。这是系统特定的，可以依靠的可执行文件。
The environment may impose limitations on the resources available to a single process: Windows' versions of R do so directly.
对环境可能对现有的资源，以一个单一的过程限制：Windows的版本的R这样做的直接。
Error messages beginning cannot allocate vector of size indicate a failure to obtain memory, either because the size exceeded the address-space limit for a process or, more likely, because the system was unable to provide the memory. Note that on a 32-bit build there may well be enough free memory available, but not a large enough contiguous block of address space into which to map it.
开始cannot allocate vector of size表示未能获得内存，要么是因为大小超过一个进程的地址空间的限制，或者更可能的，因为该系统是无法提供的内存的错误消息。注意：一个32位的构建上有可能有足够的可用内存，但没有一个足够大的地址空间映射到连续的块。
There are also limits on individual objects. On all builds of R, the maximum length (number of elements) of a vector is 2^31 - 1 ~ 2*10^9, as lengths are stored as signed integers. In addition, the storage space cannot exceed the address limit, and if you try to exceed that limit, the error message begins cannot allocate vector of length. The number of characters in a character string is in theory only limited by the address space.
也有个别对象上的限制。构建一个向量上所有的R，最大长度（元素的数量）2^31 - 1 ~ 2*10^9，长度作为符号整数存储。此外，存储空间不能超越地址的限制，如果您尝试超过这个限制，错误消息cannot allocate vector of length开始。一个字符串中的字符数是在理论只有有限的地址空间。
UNIX----------Unix----------
The address-space limit is system-specific: 32-bit OSes imposes a limit of no more than 4Gb: it is often 3Gb. Running 32-bit executables on a 64-bit OS will have similar limits: 64-bit executables will have an essentially infinite system-specific limit (e.g. 128Tb for Linux on x86_64 cpus).
地址空间限制为特定系统：32位操作系统的规定不超过4GB的限制：它往往是每秒3Gb。 64位操作系统上运行32位可执行文件，将有类似的限制：64位的可执行文件将有一个本质上无限的系统特定的限制（如128TB的Linux在x86_64的CPU）。
See the OS/shell's help on commands such as limit or ulimit for how to impose limitations on the resources available to a single process. For example a bash user could use
看到OS /壳的帮助，如limit或ulimit如何对现有的资源，以一个单一的过程限制的命令。例如bash用户可以使用的
窗口----------Windows----------
The address-space limit is 2Gb under 32-bit Windows unless the OS's default has been changed to allow more (up to 3Gb). See http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/server/PAE/PAEmem.mspx and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb613473(VS.85).aspx. Under most 64-bit versions of Windows the limit for a 32-bit build of R is 4Gb: for the oldest ones it is 2Gb. The limit for a 64-bit build of R (imposed by the OS) is 8Tb.
除非操作系统的默认已经改变，让更多的（高达3Gb）的地址空间的限制是32位Windows下的2Gb。 http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/server/PAE/PAEmem.mspx和http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb613473（VS.90）。ASPX。在64位版本的Windows 32位的R建立的限制是4GB：最古老的，它是2GB。建立研发操作系统施加限制为64位是8TB。
It is not normally possible to allocate as much as 2Gb to a single vector in a 32-bit build of R even on 64-bit Windows because of preallocations by Windows in the middle of the address space.
这是不正常可能为2GB分配到一个单一的R 32位甚至64位的Windows，因为在中间的地址空间由Windows preallocations建立向量。
Under Windows, R imposes limits on the total memory allocation available to a single session as the OS provides no way to do so: see memory.size and memory.limit.
在Windows下，研究施加限制总内存可供分配一个会话的OS提供没有办法这样做：看到memory.size和memory.limit。
参见----------See Also----------
object.size(a) for the (approximate) size of R object a.
object.size(a)R对象a（近似）的大小。
转载请注明:出自 生物统计家园网(http://www.biostatistic.net)。
注：
注1：为了方便大家学习，本文档为生物统计家园网机器人LoveR翻译而成，仅供个人R语言学习参考使用，生物统计家园保留版权。
注2：由于是机器人自动翻译，难免有不准确之处，使用时仔细对照中、英文内容进行反复理解，可以帮助R语言的学习。
注3：如遇到不准确之处，请在本贴的后面进行回帖，我们会逐渐进行修订。
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发表于 2012-2-16 21:48:48
